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چکیده
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Due to its negative effects on the environment, the treatment of dye wastewater has gained increased attention in recent years. Therefore, this wastewater must be treated utilizing effective treatment methods, such as adsorption, which is commonly used to remove several colours from wastewater. This research investigated the utilization of Laurus Nobilis Leaves (LNL) and sawdust (SD) as low-cost natural adsorbents to remove reactive blue (RB) dye from synthetic wastewater as a function of their doses (0.5-5.5 g for each), pH (between 3 and 9), and contact times (10-190 min). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for the experimental design, analysis of data, and optimization based on the Box-Behnken method (BBM) and Minitab-Statistical software. These adsorbents have been characterized by FTIR and BET measurements, which reveal that SD-adsorbent has a greater pore volume and surface area than LNL-adsorbent. According to research on adsorption isotherms, the Langmuir isotherm was a better-fitting model than the Freundlich model. Adsorption kinetic shows that the current adsorption process obeys the Pseudo-Second-Order Model (R2=0.998) compared to the First-Order Model (R2=0.973) and the intraparticle diffusion model (R2=0.915). The thermodynamic analysis revealed that the present adsorption is endothermic, which can be attributed to a random irregularity at the solid-liquid interface, as well as the spontaneous nature and more favourable adsorption of the treatment process. A comparison was made between the efficiency of the low-cost materials and the activated carbon at the beginning of the experimental work and the intermediate conditions in (sawdust + Laurus Nobilis) (6g), time( 100 min) activated carbon( 6g ), and the removal of carbon 98.43℅ and adsorbents was 29.804%, but when the operating conditions changed more than 60% RB- dye removal efficiency was achieved at the optimal operating conditions of 5.5 g SD-adsorbent, 0.8 g LNL-adsorbent, pH 3, and 141 min contact time. The primary findings showed that the interaction impact of combining several natural adsorbents was large and cost-effective in terms of removing colour from wastewater. This was proved by the fact that the combination of numerous natural adsorbents.
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