The learning of a second or foreign language has intrigued human beings since long ago, but the study of language learning processes has emerged as a scientific discipline under the name of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) at about the beginning of the twentieth century. SLA has been influenced by major schools of thought, particularly the scientific method which advocates that all systems function logically, deterministically, sequentially, and under control (Harshbarger, 2007; Hiver et al., 2021). Accordingly, language learning was viewed as a linear process based on causal connections between various phenomena (Larsen-Freeman, 2020). Nevertheless, Finch (2002) asserts that the scientific method in physical sciences has shifted away from an isolationist approach toward a holistic view of reality and treats the universe and its constituents as Dynamic Complex Systems (DCS). The origins of DCS are rooted in Chaos Complexity Theory (CCT) formulated by Edward Lorentz during the 1960s. CCT studies the behavior of dynamic systems or those which change over time.
