One of the most significant advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology was partially driven by plasmonic effect of some noble metal nanostructures with different shapes and sizes. By controlling the geometry of metal nanostructures, their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks could be tuned from the visible to the near-infrared region with various applications in sensors, optoelectronic, nanomedicine, and specifically cancer therapy. In this study, we have prepared gold nanoboxes (NBs) using the galvanic replacement between Ag nanocubes (NCs) and aqueous gold solution. Ultraviolet visible (UVvis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmitting electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize silver NCs and gold NBs. The primary silver NCs were synthesized by conventional polyol method at the presence of sodium sulfide to highly tune the shape and size of the NCs. Optimized cubic silver nanostructures were obtained at 90 μl of sodium sulfide injection into the solution. Moreover, the effect of quality of the cubic structure on the shape and uniformity of gold NBs was investigated. Gold NBs with hollow interior structure and SPR peak ranging from 480 to 800 nm were successfully obtained at different injection volumes of HAuCl4 into the solution. It was demonstrated that increasing the volume of HAuCl4 solution to about 3 mL can increase the pore number and size until the primary structure collapses into small pieces. It was also found that the concentration of gold NBs and the corresponding SPR peak intensities decrease due to pore size enhancement and decline of charge density on the surface of metal hollow nanostructures.
