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Abstract
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In recent years, interesting physical and chemical properties of graphene oxide (GO) have led to a great deal of excitement in the chemistry. One of the most promising results is the use of GO and the functionalized GOs as heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis. In this work, GO was func- tionalized with piperazine (GO-NH), converted to magnetic GO-NH by incorporating Fe3O4 particles into GO-NH (Fe3O4@rGO-NH), and then reduced with hydrazine hydrate to yield piperazine-grafted magnetic reduced graphene oxide (Fe3O4@rGO-NH). The obtained Fe3O4@rGO-NH was used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Gewald three-component reaction between some aldehydes or ketones, sulfur, and malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate. The catalyst showed good activity for various starting materials, easy separation from the reaction mixture using an ordinary magnet and reusability. Also, the catalyst was used six times without sig- nificant loss of activity.
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