In this paper, an equivalent electrical circuit based on the photovoltaic effect (PV) is presented with studies on the simulation of the solar energy system. This model consists of exponential double diodes illustrates how solar cells behave in order to generate electricity. By using the MATLAB software, we performed simulations. Our goal is to calculate the minimum error value for the unknown parameters of the model, which is attained by using root mean square of errors (RMSE). Regarding to the offered model, which we intend to investigate with the suggested GA-PSO algorithm, we obtain the minimum error value (RMSE) after achieving unknown parameters and then we will compare the results with other methods. Therefore, it can be shown that the proposed algorithm with a RMSE value of 2.02 provides an optimal result. According to the computed calculations, the runtime of this algorithm for each calculation is approximately 1 minute and 30 seconds, while the total time of the algorithm will be figured according to the parameter values and the frequency of repetition. With the progress of the calculation process this time comes out to 3 minutes and 30 seconds.
