Optical communication systems have ushered in a new era of connectivity.Theuse offiber as acommunication medium has enabled thedesign and deployment of devices capable oftransmitting and receiving data at exceptionally highspeeds.The interconnectionofthese systems into optical networks has laid the groundwork for modern communication infrastructures.Today, optical networks are integral to various networks; they form the backbone of wide area networks that link continents and cities worldwide, interconnect massive data centers supporting modern digital services, and underpin allmobile and data networks. Numerous technological advancements at the device, system, and network levels have fueled the rapid expansion ofoptical networks. As the speed, reach, and variety of optical communication networks increase, new challenges andopportunities appear.Inthis workshop, we provide anoverview ofthelatest technological advancements in this field andexplore key research trends and opportunities that can shape future industrial developments.