Presbycusis, a multifaceted auditory disorder, arises from age-related changes in the cochlear inner ear and central auditory pathways, resulting in diminished perception of high-frequency sounds. Diminished oxygen levels and heightened production of free radicals contribute to the heightened susceptibility to presbycusis. Polymorphisms in genes encoding the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, T1), and N-acetyltransferases (NATs) elevate levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially inducing cellular damage. Glutathione S-transferases assume a pivotal role in the cochlear inner ear's antioxidant defense mechanism. To elucidate the association between presbycusis and variants in the GSTM and GSTT1 genes, a comprehensive search of published articles using keywords "presbycusis," "GSTM1," and "GSTT1" was conducted across databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, and SID until January 2023. Following the screening of studies, five eligible articles were subjected to meta-analysis. The findings of this study demonstrate elevated levels of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes in individuals afflicted with presbycusis; however, statistical significance remains elusive (GSTM1; OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 0.98-3.01, p-value: 0.061, GSTT1; OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 0.96-2.56, p-value: 0.074). Consequently, these genes cannot be definitively classified as genetic risk factors for presbycusis, necessitating further investigations to attain more precise results. To elucidate the association between presbycusis and variants in the GSTM and GSTT1 genes, a comprehensive search of published articles using keywords "presbycusis," "GSTM1," and "GSTT1" was conducted across databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, and SID until January 2023. Following the screening of studies, five eligible articles were subjected to meta-analysis. The findings of this study demonstrate elevated levels of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes in individuals afflicted with presbycusis; however, statistical significance remains elusive (GSTM1; OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 0.98-3.01, p-value: 0.061, GSTT1; OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 0.96-2.56, p-value: 0.074). Consequently, these genes cannot be definitively classified as genetic risk factors for presbycusis, necessitating further investigations to attain more precise results.
