Background and aim: The ABCG2 gene is known as a urate transporter and consists of numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). One of the common gene polymorphisms in this gene is rs2231142 which may be associated with some phenotypes of male infertility. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the rs2231142 polymorphism and the risk of oligospermia. Materials and methods: In a case-control experiment, a total of 209 participants including 55 cases with oligospermia and 154 controls were included. Then sperm samples were collected from all subjects for DNA extraction and subsequent rs2231142 SNP genotyping. The genotype detection was performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The rs2231142 genotypes were assessed in both the control and the oligospermia groups. In the control group, genotypic distribution was comprised of 58.44% CC, 38.31% CA, and 3.25% AA, while the oligospermia group exhibited 58.18% CC, 29.09% CA, and 12.73% AA. This distribution showed that our data met Hardy-Weinberg criteria. Based on statistical analysis, this genetic variation is related to an increased risk of oligospermia (OR= 3.94, 95%CI= 1.17-13.29, P= 0.027). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the rs2231142 polymorphism of the ABCG2 gene significantly contributes to the risk of oligospermia in the studied population. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to obtain more accurate outcomes.
