Enhancing the thermal performance of electronic devices is a persistent challenge. Liquid-cooled Multi-branch-channel heat sinks (MBCHSs) offer a promising solution. The present study focuses on optimizing MBCHS hydrothermal efficiency and temperature uniformity. Various MBCHSs, including a foundational case and cases denoted as 1 through 4, have been developed to assess the impact of geometric parameters on performance. Using a performance evaluation criterion (PEC), it quantitatively assesses hydrothermal improvements in each model. Additionally, this study explores the use of a water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid (THNF) with GO-Al2O3-ZnO ternary hybrid nanoparticles in an optimized multi-branch channel. Furthermore, an analysis and generation of entropy were examined. The COMSOL software has been employed for the simulation of the problem in this study. This promising fluid replacement for pure water demonstrates superior performance and temperature control. The findings indicate that among the various cases, case 2 exhibits the highest PEC. At Reynolds number 500, the optimal MBCHS geometry (case 2) featuring THNF with a volumetric fraction of 0.06 exhibits a 16.63% higher Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) compared to pure water. In contrast, MBCHS, with the same volumetric fraction, demonstrates a 29.82% lower Nusselt number. Contrastingly, at a volumetric fraction of 0.06, MBCHS displays a pressure drop 70.27% higher than that of pure water. Overall, the PEC of MBCHS with a volumetric fraction of 0.06 has decreased by 41% compared to pure water. At Reynolds number 500, lamina-shaped nanoparticles exhibit a 50.34% and 56.56% higher HTC in comparison to spherical and pure water, respectively. Moreover, the PEC for lamina-shaped nanoparticles at Reynolds 500 undergoes a 49.58% and 62.37% reduction when compared to spherical and pure water, respectively.
