In this study, the historical school of economics followers’ point of view, especially John Hicks’ theory of economic history were considered to divide the economics of historical societies into 3 main categories: customary economy, military economy, and command economy. Using a descriptive-analytical approach and desk research method, our study seeks to answer the following questions: What political-military developments do these stages overlap with during that era? What is its representation in different areas? The results indicate the emergence of all stages of the theory in the development of the Ilkhanate economy and its adaptation to political and economic developments. In the customary economy, population growth and the emergence of social classes disturb the natural balance and order. Lack of political goals for establishing a government in new lands at the beginning of the attacks, tribal admission requests, and authoritarianism at the highest level of power are some representations of the military economy (615-658 Hijri). The distinctive feature of the feudal command economy (658-694 Hijri) is the positive approach of Mongols toward urban lifestyle, considering the high importance of the Ilkhanate horde and the growth of the commercial economy in the shadow of the agricultural economy recession. Prioritizing economic issues over the military such as the development of economic architecture and creating a kind of economic union between the Genghis’s Ulus are some characteristics of the bureaucratic command economy (694-736 Hijri).
