Recent research has extensively studied the optoelectronic properties of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIPs) solar cells. A wide range of studies has focused on enhancing the efficacy of HOIPs through various approaches. This research included the development of HOIPs incorporating photosensitizers, notably MAPbX2I, utilizing CdS as the electron transport layer (ETL) and CuI as the hole transport layer (HTL), with X representing I, Br, or Cl. The morphology of these perovskites vary with respect to the halide variation. The optical bandgap of each perovskite was determined to be 1.5 eV for MAPbI3, 2.0 eV for MAPbBr2I, and 2.5 eV for MAPbCl2I. The performance of the HOIPs was subsequently evaluated at a light intensity of 100 mW/cm². An integrated cell tester, which includes a current-voltage (I-V) photovoltaic measurement equipment and a solar simulation apparatus, enabled the collection of I-V curves for the HOIPs. The MAPbI3 perovskite possesses a low band gap but delivers the highest PCE (3.54 %) among other halide perovskite samples.
