Background and Objective: Heavy metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) pose serious risks to ecosystems and human health, particularly affecting vulnerable groups such as children. These toxic heavy metals can accumulate in food matrices, leading to long-term health effects. People can be exposed to these pollutants through contaminated food, polluted water, inhalation, and direct skin contact. This review focused on the environmental pollution caused by industrialization, specifically heavy metal contamination. Moreover, it assessed bioremediation as a potential solution, which involved using microorganisms and plants to break down and detoxify these hazardous pollutants. Results and Conclusion: This study investigated various bioremediation techniques, including the use of probiotics for decontamination. These methods aimed to restore contaminated sites and develop sustainable approaches to remove heavy metals from food products. The study highlighted the effectiveness of microbial interventions in addressing the harmful effects of heavy metals and toxins in the environment and food systems. These bioremediation strategies could lessen the risks associated with heavy metal contamination.
