In this study, a convenient and facile electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on microporous activated carbon (AC) and copper (II) benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Cu-BTC)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (AC/Cu-BTC/GCE) as an efficient sensor for voltammetric detection and determination of the trace levels of phosalone. An available and ecofriendly biomass called Eucalyptus bark was used to prepare AC through carbonization and activation processes. Cu-BTC metal organic framework (MOF) was fabricated through one-step solvothermal method. The accumulation strategy was used to preconcentrate phosalone on the surface of the designed sensor. The modifier was studied by various characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction, N2-adsorption–desorption and scanning electron microscopy. Under optimal conditions, the mentioned sensor presented an ultralow detection limit of 6.94 × 10−13 M and a broad linear range of 1.0 × 10−12–1.0 × 10−9 and 1.0 × 10−9–1.0 × 10−5 M. Also, the designed electrochemical sensor was studied in terms of repeatability, selectivity and stability and displayed promising results.