Research interest in magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia as an effective therapeutic approach for cancer treatment is growing. By modifying the physical and chemical properties of magnetic nanoparticles, researchers aim to enhance their heating efficiency. This study discusses and evaluates the potential of glycerin as a shell material for magnetite nanoparticles in magnetic hyperthermia-based cancer treatment through various analyses. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles with a magnetite core and glycerin shell (Fe3O4-Glycerin) were synthesized using the co-precipitation method and characterized concerning their structure, size, thermal stability, magnetic properties, and toxicity. The results revealed that Fe3O4-glycerin nanoparticles possess a core-shell structure with a spherical shape and an average diameter of 15 nm, making them suitable for biomedical applications. The superparamagnetic behavior of these nanoparticles is indicated by a coercivity (HC) close to zero and a saturation magnetization (MS) value of 58.60 emu/g at room temperature. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on normal skin fibroblast and lung cancer A54912 cell lines, demonstrating no significant toxicity at either 24–48 h of treatment. The effect of magnetic hyperthermia was evaluated with nanoparticle concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml, with treatments lasting 20 m. This successfully achieved therapeutic temperatures (42 to 46 ºC) sufficient for targeting cancer cell destruction. This research highlights the promising efficacy and efficiency of Fe3O4-Glycerin nanoparticles for cancer treatment via magnetic hyperthermia, alongside potential clinical applications.
