Adsorption is regarded as one of the most effective strategies for eliminating colors from waste water. Due to the great performance of this sorbent, numerous types of research have been conducted to discover low-cost sorbent material derived from agricultural waste. Activated carbon is the most prevalent adsorbent due to its huge surface area, which results in a high adsorption capacity and a high degree of surface reactivity. However, its preparation typically necessitates a high temperature (over 500 ° C), expendable chemicals, and is challenging to produce in large quantities. Activation of Iraqi palm fibers made from Polyethylenimine Polyethylenimine (PIPF) and characterized by Fourier transform Transform infraredInfrared, scanning Scanning electron Electron microscopyMicroscopy, Brunauer Emmer Teller analysis, and point zero charges was the purpose of this study (PHpzc). Central Composite Design (CCD) was utilized in conjunction with Response Surface Modeling (RSM) to determine the optimal removal conditions for four variables (contact duration (10–90) min, adsorbent dosage (0.05–0.1) g, starting dye concentration (0.010–0.05) g/L, and pH solution) (3 - 11). The significance of the regression model was demonstrated by the findings of the analysis of variance (ANOVA), which demonstrated that there is a considerable agreement between the values that were predicted to be found and the actual values that were found in the experiment. The following variables were shown to have the most impact on the amount of RB5 that could be removed by PIPF: contact time (70) minutes, adsorbent dose (92.64 grams), initial dye concentration (34.54 grams per liter), and pH solution (5.16). In the practical studies, a clearance value of 99% and an absorption capacity of 18.321 mg/g were found, while the highest absorption capacity was found to be 35.45 mg/g. The fact that the adsorption data were able to be well matched to the Langmuir Isotherm model was evidence that the monolayer adsorption of RB5 onto PIPF took place on a homogeneous surface. According to the findings of a kinetic study, the pseudo-second-order model provided the most accurate description of the adsorption. Hence, the process was governed by chemisorption. Based on the results of the thermodynamic analysis, RB5 adsorption was shown to be spontaneous and endothermic. The results of this study suggest that PEI-IPF could be used as an adsorbent for the removal of RB5 from wastewater.
